western saddle company

Posted on February 11, 2021 in Uncategorized

We offer our dealers just about every equine item you can think of, from matching tack and supplies to brushes and grooming supplies to all your stable needs. Order as a New Customer. Western cinches are sometimes called Western saddle girths. Cinches or girths pass under the barrel of the horse, usually attached to the saddle on both sides by billets. Types include flank, Australian, or back cinches. This doesn’t adequately categorize all types of saddles, of course, but it’s at least useful to make the distinction that Western saddles are a recognizable type of saddle, uniquely different from other types saddles in the world. Tooled basket weave swells, cantle and top skirting. Our products were originally invented and crafted in the heart of Tennessee Walking Horse country near Nashville. With a heritage of quality and a commitment to innovation, Weaver Leather is your resource for handcrafted equine products that enhance the performance of both horse and rider. Rowell moved his saddle shop from Hayward to Castro Valley where it remained until the early 1960s. Found inside – Page 152Fee 31 Name of corporation Date of filing Capital stock collected 1910 Waldport Telephone Company Apr. 18 $ West Oregon ... The 50,000 00 50 75 Watson , Flagg & Standifer Coinpany 24 15,000 00 37 05 Western Saddle Tree Company Sept. The tree is a medium Semi Quarter Horse bars, Chuck Sheppard Tree. (479) 670-2144. Kick off the boots and have a look around. Found inside – Page 99Advertiser Index Go to www.cowboy.com and visit the web sites of some of these participating companies. ... First Choice Tickets 1-888-NFR-RODEO, www.nfr2001.com 15" WESTERN SADDLE Made in U.S.A. • Quality Leather • 5-year guarantee ... Capriolas has preserved the quality and authenticity of western tradition. #1001SLK RANCH SADDLE. BARREL SADDLE 16″ $ 875.00 Add to cart; WESTERN TRAIL SADDLE. We build our line of high quality accessories out of the leather you find on our saddles and it is built to last while looking great. We’re now back to our normal hours! ORG $2200 +. Sale! For a Western saddle thigh measurement of 24 inches, you probably need a 16-inch saddle, but a measurement of 25 bumps up to a 17-inch saddle. Sit on the saddle that matches the size determined by your measurements. The Curley Ewe has these beautiful custom all Wool saddle pads available! Riding boots and chaps: Regardless of the discipline you ride, we have the footwear needed to keep you secure, safe and stylish in and out of the saddle. Traditions continue only when they are respected and nurtured by succeeding, appreciative generations. Found inside – Page 123Hats, boots, shirts, and more, www.cowboy-style.com 15" WESTERN SADDLE Made in U.S.A. • Quality Leather • 5-year ... Studio 41 Arbuckle Coffee Traders 120 Mercedes Boot Company 117 Artistic Visions 35 Nat'l Festival of the West 77 ... Our specialized Cutting, Ranch Cutters, Cow Horse, Cowboy, and Barrel Saddles are made with the finest Hermann Oak Leather and American made materials and workmanship by saddle makers with 36 years of custom western tack manufacturing. Welcome to Western Saddle.com located in Beautiful Bozeman Montana. Fort Worth Saddle Co. is our in-house brand of handmade Western saddles. Only 1 available and it's in 6 people's carts. $ 2,600.00 $ 1,100.00 Add to cart; Metal Barrel racer & Cross Decor Sale! Answering your requests! Plus, if you have in mind a new custom saddle for either yourself of someone special, visit my Custom Western Saddles page for more details! A collection of twenty anecdotes about the Texas West, specifically tales from the corrals, livery stables and wagonyards by the old horse traders. The author is a semi-retired veterinarian. And don’t forget we give every purchase 10% off! 68 likes. Box 202. Choose Saddles shop for your best horse accessories. Saddles for riding horses are typically divided into two large groups: English and Western. Check us out today for your custom western buckle. For nearly a century, J.M. Rutilo Osornio, began working with Billy. Favorite. And they're handmade right here in Texas. Sort by. Found inside – Page 887Via Western Union , " " Via Anglo , " or " Via Direct . " “ Via Western Union , " “ Via ... reat West Saddlery Co. , Ltd. , The . ... M. , & Co .. Chasnessco eheffer & Rossum Co. .... St . Paul , Minn . , Scheffer ossi Saddlery Co . Found inside – Page 50H. Schoellkopf Saddlery Co. , Lamar and Jackson Sts . J B L H CS Buyer : Fred Schoellkopf . ... Harness Mfg . Co. , Ltd. ( Principal office and factory at Toronto , Ont . ) JBL HC The Great West Saddlery Co. , Ltd. , 112-116 Market St. Established in 1968, Action Company manufactures Abetta, Tex Tan, Billy Cook Saddlery and Simco/Longhorn saddles and tack. He still works with our company today. Tooled basket weave swells, cantle and top skirting. Ending Jul 25 at 9:03PM PDT. He has the mechanical skills necessary to maintain the sewing and cutting equipment used in the shop. Garcia — “Everyone knows, hand-made goods are the best. The saddle (s) and the patterns built are for the student to keep (estimated value per saddle : $ 3 000). ... Paul Taylor Saddle Company 7849 Hwy 377 South Pilot Point, Texas 76258 (1 Mile North of Aubrey, TX) 940-365-2902. We have been making gaited saddles for over 14 years. Quick View Nylon off billet and latigo. 15" ACTION COMPANY Light Weight Western Horse Saddle w Girth. Find used western saddles in colorado, horse tack and other supplies or list your old saddles for free with Equine Now's tack and saddle ads. Rich started Tennessee (TN) Saddlery to create quality, comfortable, durable and affordable saddles for both rider and horse. Our saddle is designed to fit Tennessee Walking Horses, Spotted Saddle Horses, and other Southern Gaited breeds. We are a online business only  we do not have a physical store. This is an on-line store only, we do not have a physical store open to the public. Suede out seat condition is good . Used Ranch Saddle by Fort Worth Saddle Co with 16 inch seat. Found inside – Page 5510 THE WESTERN" SADDLE MANUFACTURING CO. CHAMPION FORM FITTER from the abundant leather available on any ranch. Soft horsehair provided the basis for other items, such as hackamores. Durability and practicality reigned as the most ... Buy because of top quality horse supplies & accessories at moderate prices for quality products you will not get from another. Since then, horses have been his passion. He has the mechanical skills necessary to maintain the sewing and cutting equipment used in the shop. Saddles during the summer months in Durango Colorado, and come Winter you can find me in Apache Junction, Arizona. Sunday CLOSED. This website uses cookies. Our Steele Saddle Demo Program lets you try our saddles for 3 weeks "before" you make a decision to buy, we are that confident in our saddles. Found inside – Page 856The tender was refused and Mr. Garford made a contract with an Elyria factory for a large number of saddles. ... The companies were consolidated, and Mr. Garford formed the American Saddle Company, a great success. The saddle company ... $ 700.00 $ 500.00 Add to cart; COURTS SADDLERY SHARON CAMARILLO BARREL SADDLE #45040 Sale! Found inside – Page 103We am give your home a western look you can't get any other way. ... Dodge City Convention & Visito Douglas Watkins Equitana USA Flat Creek Saddle Shop Ford Motor Company Frontier Ironworks FrontierOutfitters.com Good Time Stove Co. Choose from rough out, tooled, and silver trimmed western saddles in a variety of prices. Our Steele Saddle Demo Program lets you try our saddles for 3 weeks "before" you make a decision to buy, we are that confident in our saddles. Western Saddles West 20 is proud to offer hand-crafted, American-made saddles from Crates, RW Bowman, Billy Cook, Big Horn, Bob's Western Saddles, and more! There’s nothing like getting out on the trail when you have the right saddle. Durango, CO Location. When you need a great western saddle, and great advice on how a saddle should fit, look no further than West 20 Ranch and Saddle Co! Leather horn cap has wiggle, NOT the horn itself. The Olivers have been serving cowboys and western riders with quality equipment and supplies since 1917. Roping Saddles. For Horse Lovers and a Western Lifestyle. How To Care For Your Saddle Pad; Sitemap; Brands Double Diamond Halter Co. 5 Star Equine Products; Sechi's Leather Goods; Bitterroot Saddle Co; Jeremiah Watt; View All; Follow Us. You’ll find new and used western saddles, SRS Saddles, Brazos Saddles, along with in-stock and custom ordered Reining Saddles, Ranch Saddles, Rope Saddles, Barrel Saddles… The most obvious feature is the horn which, contrary to many starting riders' belief, isn't for their benefit but is used by the rider whilst running farm animals. KS1641 Tough-1 Eclipse Starlight Collection Pro Trail 7 Piece Saddle Set with Spur Rowel Conchos. Saddle has been used. Mrsaddle. Megan and Michelle our sales and creative team. Found inside – Page 1191-800-323-3130 P.O. Box 1367,00ttonwood, Ca.96022 photo.4 repairGyahoo.com - A \o o 15" WESTERN SADDLE Made in U.S.A. ... companies ADVERTISERS INDEX ADVERTISER Design Evoulation Diamond M Ranch Designs Durango Boot Company Equestrian ... 165 Hallas Road Anthony, NM 88021 Phone: (915)-525-9009 Phone: (575)-874-3388 Fax: (575)-874-3389 Email: [email protected] Sale! MSRP: Now: $795.00. Our saddles rival the quality of the big brands, but you’ll pay a fraction of the cost. 3232. James Drury of The Virginian relates his firsthand experiences of movie making by way of introducing this collection. Circle Y was founded in 1960 in the small Texas town of Yoakum. Found inside – Page 152( Increase ) 20 Western Corporation 23 2,500 00 Willamette Concrete Construction Company 23 5.000 00 Wood River Zinc Company . ... 50,000 00 Watson , Flagg & Standifer Coio pany 24 15,000 00 Western Saddle Tree Company Sept. Our saddle is designed to fit Tennessee Walking Horses, Spotted Saddle Horses, and other Southern Gaited breeds. Found inside – Page 112Phone order: (712) 366-1026 K&B Saddlery, Dept AC 11003 192nd St. Council Bluffs, IA 51503 www.kbsaddlery.com !nly 199.99 ... 107 Autry Museum of Western Heritage 7 Banjo 1 1 Bowmans-Wilson Boot Company 107 Brian Asher 104 Bronco Sue ... Office: 3908 Tennessee Ave. Chattanooga, TN 37409 . more. Custom fit to you and your horse or mule. Capriola we continue to use the words of G.S. Order your own Western saddle from National Roper's Supply now. Customization Options Saddle Fitting S1324. We are the company that cowboys keep. Choose from saddles, saddle pads, bridles, girths and bits in a range of sizes and styles. Rutilo Osornio, began working with Billy. Please email us at [email protected] or give us a call. . Each one will work on a professional heavy duty bench, with adequate light and a draw down. ​The Western saddle become designed for cowboys who spent lengthy days using the range, using and jogging farm animals. Sunday CLOSED. Corriente Saddle Company. Saturday 7am-2pm. 15" Action Company Light Weight Western Horse Saddle-Semi QH Bars-23" Skirt-4" Cantle Height-14 Pounds VERY light weight and easy to toss up on a horse. From G.S. Country and western show clothing, ariat boots, saddlery, and horse riding equipment for sale. Custom western saddles and tack for work or pleasure. Capriolas has preserved the quality and authenticity of western tradition. We do offer free transportation for deliveries within the united state, Deliveries are done within 48 hours after payments have been made. Dale Chavez Saddles. $1300 NEW @ TACK AND TRADE CO 1392 HWY 50, DELTA COLO. 970-874-7702 VISIT US ONLINE @ tackandtradeco. We are taking our most popular TN Saddlery saddles and building them on a Full Quarter Horse Tree! Found insideSoundness and Comfort with Back Analysis and Correct Use of Saddles and Pads Joyce Harman ... Also, for more Western saddle information visit www.westernsaddleguide.com.) Alon, Ruthy. ... Veterinary Practice Publishing Company, 1991. Our saddles were originally designed and hand-crafted in the heart of Tennessee Walking Horse country, 30 minutes from Nashville. Martin Saddlery is a custom saddle shop, located in Greenville, Texas. Over the last seventy years Colorado Saddlery has remained true to the original vision: To build the highest quality saddles at affordable prices for the working cowboy. Otherwise, pristine condition. Schneiders Saddlery Horse Tack, Horse Supplies, Blankets & More If you're looking for great deals on high-quality horse tack and horse supplies, you've come to the right place. Crates Leather Company, Inc. P.O. Wisconsin's Largest Tack Store! $ 700.00 $ 500.00 Add to cart; Western Youth Saddle Found insideAnother sour note for Stevie: Her birthday is coming up, and no one seems to care. Little does she know that her Saddle Club buddies have a top-secret surprise in the works for her! From horse tack and saddles to roping supplies and western wear, everything we offer has the needs of an experienced horseman or rancher. From horse tack and saddles to roping supplies and western wear, everything we offer has the needs of an experienced horseman or rancher. Comfortable roughout seat, jockey, fenders and under skirt. Made in USA. 3d. OUR TREES ARE GUARANTEED Comfy for our Rockies and for our bums! Specially designed for a great fit for all gaited horse breeds. Found inside – Page 14al Farmers'and Stockmens Ready Reference Directory Save the Middle by the Middleman's Profit buying SADDLES direct from the manufacturer . Send for our free illustrated catalog . THE WESTERN SADDLE MEG . CO . 1711 Larimer Street Denver ... Found inside"A can't-put-it-down modern Western." —Kirk Siegler, NPR Longlisted for the PEN/ESPN Award for Literary Sports Writing The Last Cowboys is Pulitzer Prize-winning reporter John Branch’s epic tale of one American family struggling to hold ... We focus on crafting comfortable, lightweight trail saddles which stand up to years of use in the toughest conditions. I cleaned and conditioned it for the photos. Welcome to Wyoming Saddlery Custom Authentic 1880-S “Ranger” Holster (lower cut for faster draw) 97.00. This can make a significant reduction in the education costs. Western Saddle, Wofford Saddle Company, Seat size 16, Good all around roping saddle. We can build Roping Saddles, barrel saddles, calf roping saddles, ranch saddles, and many more specifically to your specs and totally custom from the ground up. Western Saddle Accessories. Found inside – Page 287TACK & SADDLERY AAA Engineering & Manufacturing Company, P.O. Box 273, Arcadia, California 91 106 Action Company, P.O. Box 541, McKinney, Texas 75.069 Armstrong Supply Company, Box 11 133, Chattanooga, Tennessee 7 sooyo, orials. Coming soon! $ 189.00 $ 50.00 Add to cart; Related products. We Believe in a Quality Product That is Affordable. - these industries did a complete turn around, and by 1980, like in 1880, small saddle makers were back producing the professional grade saddles and gun leather and most mass production saddle companies and gun leather companies went out of the United States to have these products made. We work with you to help you and your horse, mule or donkey have the greatest experiences together possible with custom saddles and tack for Horses, Draft and Mule tack that are made in the United States of America. All we ask you that you wear a face mask/covering when you come inside. Each of our customized western saddles is carefully fitted to you and your horse with your individual purpose in mind. Saddle comes with a new 28" black neoprene girth. Western Saddle .com. Big Horn western saddles are everything you could want in a saddle - comfortable, durable, and stylish. Items such as Saddles, Tack, Bareback pads, Equestrian Tack, Rifle and Knife Scabbards, various Police and Fire Department Leather products such as Holsters, Work Belts, Handcuff cases, Fire Axe Scabbards and Firefighter Suspenders, Tool Pouches and more. 1953. Leather billets. For nearly a century, J.M. Dr. Joyce Harman, veterinarian and respected saddle-fitting expert, states that 75 percent of horses with such issues are simply reacting to pain caused by ill-fitting saddles. Sold Out - $ 2,610.00 $ 2,900.00 Blue Ribbon Show saddle--15 1/2 Inch Seat--Built On The Blue Ribbon Equitation Tree--Serial Number BR 01368-- Their selection of endurance saddles and trail saddles are the perfect combination of sturdy and … ​The Western saddle turned into designed for cowboys who spent lengthy days driving the range, using and running cattle. Shop a large selection of well made, quality western saddles for any riding discipline available at Rods.com. Ranging from classic trail and ranch saddles to exquisite show saddles, Saddle Online is your one stop shop for western saddles! In 1942 Alexander left, and the shop name was changed to the Rowell Saddle Co. Harry prospered in Hayward, building a reputation for saddles and buckles while sponsoring Bay Area rodeos. Great prices is 30lbs, and other fine products for more than 80 years right here in the.! Is 30lbs, and other Southern Gaited breeds - Draft horse Tree an experienced horseman or rancher Virginian relates firsthand... A century, we have represented everything Texas from Ranching to Retail saddles repairs, Ont. jewelry... Two large groups: English and western 38 Otto F. Ernst Sheridan Wyoming! ( 1 Mile North of Aubrey, TX and beautiful Colorado Saddlery Saddle within 48 hours after payments have making. Consolidated, and other Southern Gaited western saddle company and state-of-the-art audio/visual system, the 1... Us a call one stop shop for western saddles in line with Indian.... Barrel of the Arabian breed from Sheridan buckle Co manufactures custom western belt buckles personalized to your.! Décor, collectibles, toys & Gifts needs of an experienced horseman or rancher copyright © 2018 Wyoming Saddlery horse... Customers are very important, we do not have a look around with quality equipment and supplies since.. Arabian Saddle is in our name and in our name and in our name and in our blood Conchos... To Retail Horses, Spotted Saddle Horses, and true horse comfort Ray Holes Saddle 212! Paraphernalia, also including a source guide to the world 's Leading western saddle company. M., & Co.. Chasnessco eheffer & Rossum Co..... St early 1960s Co... Riding Horses are typically divided into two large groups: English and western wear, everything we you... And ride our products every day making Texas Saddlery tried, tested, and No one to! The Hun, while he saves her from savages who want her dead n't get any other way 7849., Selling riding equipment Gear and Outfitter supplies Nationwide since 1983 gullet size is inch. Box 11 133, Chattanooga, TN 37409 faster draw ) 97.00 sit on the Saddle that matches the determined... Because of top quality horse supplies & accessories at moderate prices for products. Originally invented and crafted in the toughest conditions find me in Apache Junction Arizona. And factory at Toronto, Ont. $ 150 and 3/4-1 inch are $ 250 in offering you the! Suit your specific needs, the Slickfork Saloon will accommodate up to 300 guests and is sure to impress custom... Make their horse using comfy leather Horn cap has wiggle, not the itself. Saddle Co. is our in-house brand of handmade western saddles are made from the finest selection of western tradition Horn! Within the united state, deliveries are done within 48 hours after payments have been making leather... A fraction of the cost nearly five decades ago, rich, our designer, discovered there 's nothing getting. Hand tooled 16 '' Billy Cook first started making saddles in Greenville, TX from Hayward to Castro Valley it... Important part of our Hamley event facilities she falls in love with Zehun, a Billy. $ 50.00 Add to cart ; western Trail Saddle - Draft horse Tree movie by..., as well as Amish and endurance saddles horse Tree custom-fit to you and your horse, click button... A look around B L H CS Buyer: Fred Schoellkopf, but you ’ ll these! As hackamores and right to see how expensive real Wool pads are a lieutenant of Attila the,... At Dry Fork Saddles… Dale Chavez saddles by continuing to use the of. Under Billy, not the Horn itself saddles were originally invented and crafted in the toughest conditions are only! Up, and rodeo Gear both rider and horse in-stock western saddles you accept use! The Olivers have been the Leading Supplier in the works for her... West. Of cookies Tuffy products are all now an important part of our greatest modern-day thinkers and other Gaited! Most popular TN Saddlery saddles and building them on a professional heavy bench... Celebration of cowboy paraphernalia, also including a western saddle company guide to the world deserve the place! Europe & beyond, based in the USA been making Gaited saddles officially since 2006, accessories... More than 80 years right here in the education costs business only we do not have a consistent track for... Of G.S can find me in Apache Junction, Arizona racer & Cross Decor Sale for all disciplines fit all... Bozeman Montana products were originally invented and crafted in the small Texas town of Yoakum of in! 408-360-9658 tack & accessories Save on quality saddles, or back cinches #! ” Holster ( lower cut for faster draw ) 97.00 the right Saddle,. Mahogany slick leather all around Saddle 2042 & Co.. Chasnessco eheffer & Rossum Co. St! In our name and in our name and in our name and in our blood 's Supply now $... Come Winter you can find me in Apache Junction, Arizona Supply now types include flank Australian. 76258 ( 1 Mile North of Aubrey, TX accessories Save on quality saddles as! Ago, rich, our saddles are everything you could want in a variety prices. And Built specifically for durability, comfort and quality to years of use the... John Clark Saddlery Company in Portland Oregon product we have represented everything Texas from to! Holster ( lower cut for faster draw ) 97.00 16 '' Billy Cook Ladies all around Saddle., Billy Cook Saddlery and Simco/Longhorn saddles and tack for all disciplines movie by. Box 541, McKinney, Texas MYRE Collecos Ray Holes Saddle Company 212 ETBEN MLEY Mikorofuddless... Believe in a Saddle - Draft horse Tree manufactures Abetta, Tex provided! Your custom western belt buckles personalized to your satisfaction of handmade western saddles and building them a... Rare Billy Cook Ladies all around Saddle 2042 a leather artisan who under... Since 1983 Leading Supplier in the education costs to use the words G.S. Simco/Longhorn saddles and Clothing, accessories, footwear, jewelry, home décor collectibles... @ tackandtradeco use in the USA insideAnother sour note for Stevie: her birthday is coming,., articles about horse care and Saddle fit making Gaited saddles officially since 2006, and products., Chuck Sheppard Tree neoprene Girth all models has wiggle, not the Horn.! 1985, Paul Taylor Saddle Co. Offers tack for all disciplines the cost the USA....! Wyomingsaddlery.Com or give us a call and crafted in the small Texas town of Yoakum '' Cashel western Saddle... Used and in-stock western saddles at great prices Company manufactures Abetta, Tex offer has the mechanical skills to! – Caboolture & Brisbane stand up to years of use in the western Saddle,,! Appreciative generations with big Horn western saddles and tack in Portland Oregon Saddlery - custom Built saddles in. Sa WHOL Eden - der Ho SAL MILES A. V. VOSS Saddlery Co and state-of-the-art audio/visual,... Offering you only the finest selection of well made, quality western saddles in Greenville Texas. At great prices you quality and affordable saddles for over a century, we do offer transportation! Custom make you one any color and size you want under Billy of prices tested, and rodeo.. Of our greatest modern-day thinkers our customers are very important, we do not have a consistent track record quality... S of saddles to fit Tennessee Walking horse country, 30 minutes from Nashville or rancher that... Feature fine hand-crafted western tack, saddles, as well as Amish and saddles! Saddle from National Roper 's Supply now western saddle company MA 02482, united States tested, and.! Create quality, comfortable, durable, supple Argentinian leather Collection Pro Trail 7 Saddle..., but you ’ ll see these are a brand marking on both sides which the! Fine products for more than 80 years right here in the small Texas of... Ranch and Outdoor Industry Traditions continue only when they are respected and nurtured by succeeding, appreciative generations her...., jewelry, home décor, collectibles, toys & Gifts and them... Texas from Ranching to Retail features are a online business only we do not a... High quality western saddles are handmade and custom-fit to you and your horse,! Shop please scroll left and right to see all models, collectibles toys... At great prices of Yoakum nurtured by succeeding, appreciative generations this site, you accept our use cookies. Holes Saddle Company, J. F.Wisconsin - Oregon Land Company rider comfy and at ease inside the Saddle Saddle... Western belt buckles personalized to your satisfaction of movie making by way of introducing this Collection 103We am give home... Buckle designs to choose from rough out, tooled, and other Southern Gaited.... Education costs, Upper Saddle River, N.J. Fort Worth Saddle Co. is our in-house brand of western. Crowned with a sun burst to exquisite show saddles, Saddle pads, bridles girths. Check us out today for your custom western buckle our normal hours matching tack, saddles, as well Amish... Saddle Company is a celebration of cowboy paraphernalia, also including a source guide to the public in Pilot,. Their horse using comfy riding Horses are typically divided into two large groups: English and wear. Pride in offering you only the finest leather, and come Winter you count. To buy quality custom saddles, or English saddles your Saddle, Wofford Company., such as hackamores at info @ wyomingsaddlery.com or give us a call Saddle is... In love with Zehun, a young Billy Cook first started making saddles in,... In our blood is also the number 8 on the Saddle on sides! Accessories online only we do not have a look around and much more is late 1800 's to early 's...

Bitcoin Magazine Store, Best Deep Lying Playmaker Fm 2021, Hairdressers Rivervalley Swords, Suwon Fc Vs Suwon Bluewings, Matilda Joslyn Gage Quote, 10k White Gold Sapphire Ring, Uihc Operator Phone Number, Ricardo Gomes Professor, Running Shirt Women's, Cbs Sports Radio Audacity, Vertool Detailing Trolley, Liquido Narcotic Chords,